British Library, Additional MS 11600
The Archedukes affectinge nothinge more then to see the low
Countreis and theire good inhabitants deliuered from theire
Wars, doe heereby declare w
contented to treate w
in quallitie, and as holdinge them for Countries Provinces
and States free, ouer the w
nothinge, be it by waie of a perpetuall peace or of a Truce
or suspention of Armes for twelue, fyfteene or twenty yeares
at the choise of the said States and all vpon reasonable condic
Amonge w
of perpetuall peace as the said Truice or suspention of Armes
that either shall abide w
possesseth vnles by a Comon consent it can
Concluded, to accomodate theire highnesses and the said States
togeather w
Townes or places: he likewise vpon the order and Assurance
of the Traffique and frequentac
likewise of the intervention agreem
w
considered the Constituc
and purposinge to deale w
deceit, and to admitt the said States. tyme to resolue of
what is most convenient for the Comon good) are contented
that the personnes whome they shall depute for the said Treatie
(borne in the lowe Countreis) shall assemble w
the States in equall nomber at such tyme and place as
the said States shall make choise of. And to thend that the
premisses may the better proceede, be it to a perpetuall peace
or the said Truice theire highnesses are Contented that for
the eight next monethes there be a Cessation of all sieges
Surprises of Townes and fortresses, Invations and lodgings
in the provinces and quarters and the buildinge of anie
fortes. Provided that the said States shall graunte and
daies after the presentac
September next cominge they shall make their declarac
highnesses vpon the said principall treatie offered them, either of
peace or suspenc
to that ende. / . Theise Condic
by Spaine and
else where aswell for the regard of the kinge of Spaine as theire
highnesses from the daie of
from that daie and Moneth the one p
thereof) taketh anie thinge vpon the other it shalbe restored againe
were accordinge to the Archdukes first proposic
originall of that before written accepted offer where this mark ◌ is
impressed but nowe by the States accepted and theire
the Archduke accorded. Jointly wStates acception of the
Archdukes offer, they demaunded, and he consented promise, that
the kinge of Spaines Aggreation and declarac
highnesses, shall w
the first daie of the CessacStates. / .
The Negotiation of the Archdukes Comissioners w ith those of the
States hath since that ouerture among other, produced
especiallie these effectes. / .
That it shalbe lawfull for the States havinge nowe graunted a
Comission Cessac
Gorlings) to continewe theire accustomed guardes notw
the Cessation) vpon the Coastes of Flaunders to hinder the ingresse
and egresse in to and out of the Archdukes havens. That no
Souldier w
that shalbe found in theire contrarie Prouinces shall enioye
the freedome of Cessac
Warre, vnlesse they haue license expresselie to that ende
That wSpaines declarac
and aggreation to what the Archdukes hath done and shall
doe touchinge the peace soe delyuered vnto the States they
Will recall theire fleete of Warre from Spaine. That
Spaines
Aggreation the States will not reenforce there present Fleete
and Strength of warre at Sea. vpon the Coasts of Spaine That
duringe the cessation of the States will suffer the small fisherie
of the Archdukes havens peaceable to labour in and out
w
Essaies of Coniecture
vpon the foresaid propositions and Negotiac
CessacArchduke
and the States. by Ge rllill Tauerner, veritate et
reuerentia, more, eet amore. / .
The Scope of my coniecture diuides it selfe into three
discourses. / .
1 Vppon some perticulares for the most p
Cessation, provided, excepted and graunted by the States. /
2 What reasons there are, that either doe or ought move his
highnes the Archdukes inclinac
to bringe the kinge of Spaines accorde. / .
Whether the States should affecte a peace vpon this offer
of his highnesses w
vppon some particulars concerninge the conclusion and
state of peace /
Touchinge particulars provided excepted and graunted by
the States. Prouided / . That w
monethes after the first daie of the Cessac
of Spaines AggreacArchduke hath
done and shaall doe touchinge the peace shalbe deliu
to the States. / .
This is the Base whereon the frame and Architecture of
the Negotiac
authoritie of the offer (because the kinge of Spaine is the
principall pretender ou
the kinge of Spaines publique disclamac
p
next bloude and soe successivelie to all psoteritie descendinge theire or in
his authenticall authorism
treate and conclude and boeth in respect aswell of the kinge of Spaines
posteritie as his Maiestie: w
aknowledgm
deputies of his highnes shall assemble wStates in
equall nomber at such tyme and place as the States shall make
choise of and that the tyme and place of Covention vpon conclusion
shalbe appointed likewise by the choise of the States. /
This caution is very requisite and conformable consideringe howe
vnfaithfullie som
thier conventions for pacificac
further hopes the badd successes that soe manie plotts of bloud in
this o
full deliu
expression of th’almighties wrath and iustice bent against the hands
and harts, and heades of suche inhumaine practizes) shalbe w
front terror, foorce
of State by such vnnaturall deluges, and immoderac
This for theire further hope, but not securetie, soe longe as loue of
earthlie principallitie preceades the hope of heavenly kingdome
in the Sowle of Man, And yf anie malignant Stratagem be carried
vnder his pretence of peace yf this solide face of goodnes beares
a hollowe harte and badnes of the Myne: I am p
not bent vpon anie weake p
full of hoepe and probabillitie to worke the ruine and subverc
of the States, soe vnexpected free and almost boundlesse are
his offers and soe deepely in his faith ingaged. Provided That
it shalbe lawfull for the States havinge nowe graunted a
Cessation at Sea as farre as the Gorlings) to holde and to continewe
theire accustomed guardes vpon the Coasts of Flaunders to
hinder the ingress and egress in to and owt of the Archedukes
Havens. / .
Howsoeu
pretendinge the reciprocall and mutuall benefitt respectiuelie
of all the Netherland essh provinces on either side yet since it cannot
be denied that Treaties and Cessations may somtimes be rather bent
to a misterious and offensiue and then w
pretence, And that a iealousie of such a meaninge maie
produce a multitude of ag arguments ro render it excusable
in this particular where theire opposer (in respect of them
is by religion pollicie and nature to bee suspected for an
Enemy rather then loeked for as a freind. It may be therfore
well admitted them to stand vppon their guard how gratious
and conformable soeu
gen
limbe, For Treaties that are bent to A misterious end
maie amonge other Aymes tend to the supplies assistances and
intervenc
want by the way of Free passage granted by cessac
and prohibited by warre And though the end of Treatie bee
not lymitted in that, For to express my thought the benefitt
of such particular vnlasting helpes beares noe proporc
w
noe assurance that the Treatie shall produce a worke to
satisfie the expectac
waies layd open to bringe in spplies for warre hee coulde
not haue neglected to make vse of such an opportuntie
as (in the vncertentie of suche a Case) advanceth him
appointment for his better State against the worser yf
the better failes. / . The future danger and preiudice
whereof the better to prevent this caution holdes a guarde
nor could his highnes make a difficultie in accordinge it
provided only for defence, since it should be a kinde of inequallitie
in the cessacStates to reduce theire
Navie wholie from theire Guards at Sea where they com
in cheife when for the equallitinge of that reducc
had not the meanes to make a Conterpoies. / . Excepted. /
The Cessation touchinge Spaine propounded by the Archduke
in his firste offer. /
There were noe sence the States should haue subscribed to a cessation
touchinge Spaine till Spaine had bound it selfe vnto the like for
them and ratefied the Archdukes declarac
yet in promise onelie, not p
of the rest goes on in vayne. Besides the States offence vpon the kinge of
Spaine soe much imports the vnited provinces that nothinge shoulde
p
would bringe theire State in gen
treatie in a plaie of peace: wherevnto wSpaines
accorde to what his highnes doeth and shall negotiate (an Aggreac
then dowbted of) this whole affaier concerninge must
of necessitie
haue turned / All soildiors w
inhabitants that shalbe founde in theire contrarie provinces from inioyinge
the freedome of Cessation and shall remayne subiect to the rigor of warre
w
Spring
of intervention betweene twoe states in an affaier of this kingdome
may bringe vnto the syde that hath the greater cause to suspecte the
secrett practices and meaninge of this opposite, For yf offence be meant
and that the Stratagem bee carried by a traitors hand the libertie of
intervenc
for smoothe convaiances, whereby hee may dispatch his practices
iuste as a Cutt purse carriers his leger de Main for the p
of the theft more cleanely and securely from detection in a Crowde
then whereby the people are distinguished in their places and
expressed in sight. / . Whereas the prohibition of that libertie
renders the waie more readie to declare the tract of conspirators
proceedings because his stopps are not soe easelie defaced and
hidden from the Eye in an vnbeaten pathe, asin a trodden waie
frequented by the Concourse of a multitude. / .
And nowe his highnes and the States are so deuided and aparte
there cannot pass a noate or signe of Correspondence vnsuspected
even by comon sence/ . Secondly it holdes there guardes
and frontiers more conteyned and vigelant, whereas the
libertie of intervention would haue bredd secureties dissoluc
And though the Surface of this exception seem
respectiuely aswell his highnes as the States. Yet it in the
vse it gyues the more peculier inclinac
that the instituc
iust regard particularlie to the safetie of theire State, by
reason they haue more cause then his highnes to make
vse of suche preventions and preservatiues/ .
That wSpaines aggreac
aforesaid bee deliuered vnto the States they will recall
theire Fleete of Warre from Spaine and that duringe
the tyme limitted for that deliu
theire present Fleete vppon the Coasts of Spaine. / .
In these graunts togeather w
made by his highnes in his first offer tendinge to this ende
it may be noted howe affectiuelie his highnes prosecutes
the retraction of the States offence from Spaine and w
such earnestnes as yf it seemed to pointe at somthinge movinge
at that Warre w
this ouerture. / . True it is the States proiected Warre
nowe readie to be sett on foete against the kinge of Spaine
imports his Ma
it is bent against his Indians and other parts of the
principall supporters of his State, And even to the
nature and extent of his highnes offer, for sodainenes
and amplitude agrees soe well in tyme and measure
w
deserves a voice in the Coniecturable reasons that
haue moued this treatie for a peace. /
But now this noted affection that his highnes seemes to beare the retraction
of that warre, maie minister occasion of twoe questions. first, whether
when the States haue drawen theire warre from thence and duringe
the suspence of theire hostilitie his Ma
in Coll
pertinent to the resistance of the States proiected warre against him
in his CoastAmerica and Africa (yf that be anie
motiue in this ouerture) maie be supplied. the second wheather
duringe this Cessation theie his Ma
his Treasure maie not furnishe the lowe Countrie warre w
a supplie of monie (yf want thereof be likewise anie motiue in
this ouerture) and soe when theise effectuall points are fortefied
make an Evasion from the peace vnto the disadvantage of the States
And that the rather since the libertie and lawfullnes to make excepc
to some pointe propounded in the Treatie maie when the cessac
is extended to the fullnes of tyme to satisfie that purpose shaddowe
a misterious evation w
sinceritie / To these I answeare theise. .i the offer of the peace
pretendinge suche a large conformitie and seeminge in the sup
soe reasonable. The States could not well haue refused to
treate w
and pride: To treate weare vaine wwSpaines
accorde because he is the principall pretender ou
of Spaynes accord would questionles haue beene denied w
Cessation graunted by the States, aswell for him in Spaine as
for his highnes in the Netherlands. Soe that it followeth almost
of necessitie, the States must graunte vpon some Condic
the revocation of theire warre from Spaine. 2 The verie
name of an attempt of sound found acc
frame suche as is this designe of the States as will appeare
where I approche more pertinentlie to the pointe, directed
wIndians and such partes whereon the
Spaine consist
but his State muste of necessitie growe weake and humble
beares such a terror on the fronte, that beinge alreadie apprehended
w
canne furnishe him w
make him confident in his abillitie to master it by force, but
still there will remayne, in suche a waightie and important
cause some diffedence and dowbt of an assured habillitie
w
Checke, the rather since the interprise is in the subiect vnex=
ampled and nothinge of experience drawen from action doeth
present itselfe to Councell or instruct the managinge of the
defence 3. Suche supplie as this Cessac
the Archdukes warre, can bee but temporarie, farr from a
sufficiencie to wage the tyme required for conquest of soe
stronge a scituac
soe defensible that Com
theire sudden subuertion and muste by woen by peeces
when soeu
then consideringe the refuges as well contingent as domestique
of the vnited provinces., I am p
howsoeu
or supplie shall notw
want, when warre block
that this ou
ende thatt that, and is to large to limitt her purposed
expectac
shall not be made vntill the kinge of Spaine hath ratefied
the Archdukes declarac
of theire State. the damage of the States will not be verie
greate in that exchange conceyvinge that for the credditt
then anie suche pSpaine w
tendes more properlie and but vncertainlie and weakelie to defend Spaine
then hurte the States or that belonginge to his highnes for the waginge
of the war
in the lowe countries w
his defects but onlie sett a little temporarie florish on his sworde
can disadvantage them, And to provid the better against the
vncertaine yssues of this temporisinge busines The States haue
the wisdome to containe the constituc
theire worthie proiect bent against the kinge of Spaine whole
and entire, and not onlie vndissolued but growinge (also and
increasinge in appointm
bringe noe resoluc
prepared to vse the first occasion season and oportunitie for warre
That the States duringe the cessac
fisherie of the Archedukes havens to labour in and w
molestac
This graunte maie serue to gyve the world to vnderstande that
whatsoeu
State and that theire affections are conformable and readie to
admitt the mutuall benefitt of all the Netherlandes aswell
of those subiected to his highnes as of theese subsistinge w
them selues soe farre as maie be yealded not endangeringe
the publique saftie of thire owne: /
My coniectures
What reasons there are that either doe or ought to moue the Archeduk
inclinacSpaynes
accorde. / .
To moue his highnes the Archedukes intent to peace these reasons
maye in my coniecture bee conceiued. / .
1 hee hath litle or noe probabillitie to reduce the States into the Armes
of Spaine by force
2 hee hath some cause of force feare to loose by the continewance
of warre not onelie his hoepe of winninge all but even this
present interest alsoe in anie of the Netherlands.
3 hee hath greate reason to continewe his present estate in
the Netherlandes. yf not by warre by peace. /.
And to bringe the kinge of Spaines accorde ther may be coniec
tured the considerac
The continewance of the warres threatens the deprivac
his Ma
his power consists and further the hasars of his principallitie
Of all these heades I will discourse in order as they followe.
Touchinge the Archedukes first motiue. That hee hath
litlr or nothinge probabillitie to reduce the States into
the Armes of Spaine by foorce will appeare by comparing
theire seu
of the Netherlands as alsoe in the apect
and assistancs. / .
In the domestique constituc
compared as necessarie materialls. / .
1 The habillities of theire com
2 The affections of theire Subiect
3 Theire power to impose taxes on theire Subiects.
4. The naturall strength of theire Scituations
5 The fortifficac
power and industrie to hold the naturall advantages
of Seate. / .
And in the Aspects of theire contingents and assistancs.
The p
w
states shall receyue. / .
First touchinge the abillities of theire com
vinces are not soe able as those of the States to contribute vnto the Warre
howsoeu
Ensigne, the States com
defendant partie shall carrie the more easie burthen of the greifes
and miseries of warre, because theire traffique the life blood of theire
boedie pollitique. Whereon theire people for the most p
hath verie free and open entercourse and passage beeinge but a litle
subiect to obstruction and impeachem
measure of theire Stocks. / . Whereas the Archedukes provinces
depriued of theire libertie at Sea by the Strength of the States Navie
produce but litle other profits of them selues then what the lande
bring
continewallie suppressed and trodden downe on disorders of this
warres and in his prouinc
his warre are curbd but w
miserie is more, habillitie is lesse. / .
Conserninge the willingnes of the Subiect
The Subiects of his highnes are not soe willinge as those of the
States to contribute vnto the Warre. /
The Marchants of the Vnited provin
whose traffique is increased by blockinge vpp the convenient
hauens and portes of marte in his highnes side, will in affecc
to theire Townes vfould theire ssubstanc
amplie for the Warre because the Warre augments the
benefitt of theire p
Whereas his highnes provinces beinge w
for the inlargem
imp
by warre, are become discouraged theire willingnes growes
(likewise wearie to sustaine the warre, w
burthen of a light importance in respecte of theire
desires. / .
Theire hopes to recou
are discouraged by the interception of twoe passages of hostillities vpon the ends whereof theire warlike hoopes to prosper were
erected. /
1 In that theire ouOstend, (whereon there hoepes were highlie
raised as on a worke promisinge them much libertie) is frustrate
in effect of theire losse of Sluice and the dependancs. And
then to add vnto that sence of theire debillitie theire purchase
of experience bought vpon Ostend maie w
discourage the consception of such an other enterprise
w
for an vncertaine successe besides the hinderancs and wants
that will begett in other actions and defencs maie accidentallie
be frustrated of the propounded vse by either opposers
footinge and confrontm
2 Whereas his MaSpaine and his highnes the Archedukes
had about the tyme of Queene Elizabeths death published
an edict conteininge certeine pollitique incitem
inductions to invite and drawe awaie the M
other substanciall inha
to theire dominions w
dissoluc
because, besides inductions of encouragem
importe some matter of necessitie as an express p
against all of the vnited provincs to make anie traffique
into theire dominions directlie or indirectlie vnder paine
to be whollie made prize of besides the waight of
manie other greevious penalties, vnless they first w
theire contribuc
and the execution of this edict must necessarilie haue
turn’d to the damage of the States Marchants soe longe
as they weare to trade diuided, and a partie: And con=
sequentlie had not a publique remedie b
of this practise is likewise disanimated by a Counter act of the States
providinge for theire Marchants defence in driuinge theire commerce w
confirmed theire continewance to the States side w
weaued and knitt the comon cause of the vnited prouincs togeather w
the Marchants p
pany of Mer
chants erected
by the States to
open
into
Indeas
themselues continewallie locked vpp when to theire memories and eies
the wealthes and blessings of theire form
of the free and prosperous traffique of the vnited provincs, appeare
and findinge that peace and nothinge but peace is likelie to repaier
theire ruines and dilapidac
provincs are raisde the pleasinge and attractiue obiect of a florishing
and wealthie State conferrs theire respects vnto the causes that effect
the same, and theire desires in a thinge soe plentifull of benefitt
and good importance to the State and com
lyue cannot but mooue the Archeduks harte in theire behalfe.
3 Of theire powers to impose on the Subiect. / .
His highnes cannot impose of a Taxe soe safelie as the States.
1 Because the States are naturall people of the Countries they
gou
2 The States people will rather beare and endure anie other tollerable
gouSpaine because the
insolence and cruelties of Spaynes Vice gerents haue impressed
in them (almoste) an irreconcilliable hate towards the Spanishe
predominance. / .
3 The opinion of a people is better p
an Aristocrate whose correspondent quallitie doeth make it seeme
more interressed ingaged and affected for the com
a prince, the highnes and transcendance of whose place more
distant from familliar popularitie begetts construcc
Taxe imposed by him exhausts and exacts theire tribute rather
to maintaine the formall pride of Courtlines and State, then anie
necessarie seruice tendinge to the com
Cituac
theire discontentm
w
before the increase of nomber growe to anie dangerous
head and w
the greater p
Contented, because theire libertie to driue the husbandmen
Courses they professe gyves them increase of meanes to
liue mixte w
passag
of Seate to hold the discontented Subiect in deuotion to
the State. . /.
Whereas the Archedukes provincs are for the moste p
Champion w
and w
theire Subiection to his warre continewes the inlargem
of theire Comon benefitt (Comerce) imprisoned (as it were)
w
are possessed w
And lastlie to confirme the constituc
power to impose vpon the Subiect, and to dishable his
highnesses w
obedience of the States Armie is intire and sounde, whereas
his highnesses is very seldome vndeuided but possessed
w
Of the nature of theire Scituations
4 His Highnesses proving are in the nature of theire scituac
lesse defensible then those of the States first because the
best of the vnited provincs are floudes his highnesses
Champion. Floud
natures lesse accessable and passable then champion groundes
appointm
opposite lande warre shall haue litle proceedinge admitted vpon them
w
2 The Stat
Archeduk
holde the vnited provinces in good securetie w
as a doer to gyve the States an open easie waie of entrance and
accesse vpon his Highness yf occasion gyves them purpose to invade. /
3 To add facillitie to all the States. Proceedinges in theire acc
of theire warres and to his Highnesses impediment there scituac
gyves them more dexteritie an actiue quallitie of verie mother
vse in warre. To leade an expedic
wHighnesses
afforde and w
almost confinde admitts not transportac
and motion as the water w
Lastlie in the proper and domestique constitucNetherlands
and concerninge theire appointm
growndes appointm
deuide them selues accordinge to the different nature of the scituac
into the fortifficac
w
Touchinge Fortifficac
the lande neither side discou
the States is cheefelie Stronge a power aboue his Highnesses,
aswell invasiue as defensiue as the quallitie of theire warre
shall leade. /. Thus farre it seemes to me that the domestique
Constituc
willinge Subiect and confident to sustaine the warre then his
Highnesses only exceptinge that there yet remaines one necessarie
vndiscourste wherein his highenesse exceades the States
proprietie in Strength. . .
Namelie Menn.
Highnesses meanes to raise supplies
of mercenary menn consistinge cheefelie of Wallones. A
nation warlike populous and borne in his Territories
are properlie more seruiceable plentifull and readie
then the States abillities. for that respect in theire domestique
State whose Ilanders whereof theire cheefest populac
doe consiste though a populous ciuillitie affordes not
suche a multiplicitie of mercinarie nombers not a people
soe disposed and actiue in the ordinarie seruice of the lande
warre. Howe eu
Councellors But for the seruice of the Sea the States are
well provided in them selues because the Ilanders of the
vnited provinc
verie apt for water workes. / . And to supplie theire want
of souildiors for the lande it will appeare they may bee
furnished from the neighbours kingdomes sufficientlie to
make them hable to confront. / . But ere I enter
w
the foete of this discourse concerninge the domestique
constituc
w
powers maie the better be expressed. / .
From my obseruac
powers. I finde theire want
The wants of his Highnes: is. first Shippinge 2 some men 3 money
The wants of the States: is first more men. 2 some money
Concerninge those defect
and assistanc
For his Highnes wante of Shipinge hee hathe no p
to bee supplied. Hee hath noe other assistance for supplie
then Spayne. yf Spayne should attempt an invation of
the States provincesd. his convenient preparac
reason his ordinarie Navie is of an vnnavigable buildinge
his discontinewed and inexpert in
theire channells and his distance verie remote would gyue the States
sufficient tyme to make them selues appointed to defende. / .
Besides yf the scituac
appeare that by reason the broekennes of the land
power maie circumvent a landed enemie and soe depriuinge him
of releife either distroy or force him to compounde and quite his
enterprise, to invade them therefore, will in moste places be to
smale purpose except theire power at Sea be first ou
And to prevent theire defeate at Sea theire Sea power vnited (w
wSpayne
cann attempt) is vallued verie sufficient to resiste yf not to beate
the Spanish Nauie and to confirme that power to them, theire
Navigation will continewe and preserue theire Nauie in her
present strength yea and increase her foerce. / .
2 As for men the States meanes to raise supplies of warlike strange
exceedes his Highnesses sufficientlie to make theire Armie
hable to confronte: the Archedukes cheefe supplies of men
besides his lowe Duche and Wallones whereof the States exceedes
in one his Highnes in the other are compos’d of Spaniards Italians
English French and Almans and cheefe of those States consiste
cheefelie of greate Brittaynes french and Almans. / .
The Archedukes Spaniardes and Italians add somthinge to his
fortes and holdes not much vnto his seruice for the feild by
reason the longe and difficult waie of transportac
some other reasons that disapt them for the feild will render theire
supplies w
for the requisite appoibtm
Of greate Brittaines howsoeu
in all changes after noueltie drewe a greate concourse in the
begininge of Englands peace to the Archedukes side yet nowe
that humor beinge satisfied the course is lesse affectedlie pursued
and muche the lesse for three other reasons restraininge the same.
1 The greatest popular p
States by reason of the conformance in religion different
from his Highnesses.
2 That p
restraine them selues notw
his side by theire vnwillingnes to subscribe to those good
lawes of reseruac
suche daungers as might otherwise ensue to the state of
England by theire vnexamined libertie in that course.
3 Suche as are Newtralls in affecc
Highness difficultie and dangerous transportac
easelie converted to the State, whose passages are more
prepared and free /.
From Fraunce the States alliance w
by consanguinitie 2 by comerce 3 in that the States pros
peritie in this warre importes that kingdomes good.
Attracts the greater concourse to their side. And lastlie
touchinge Almaines they are comon to either side and
verie seruiceable./. Thus by the differences of theire
forraine helpes the States (it appeares) haue sufficient
meanes to supplie theire owne difitiencie of men
Tis true the States these twoe yeares past haue suffered
losse but rather by some other causes then the want of men
Certaine it is pthath fallen vppon them by other
kindes of vnsufficiencie though theire Armie I graunte
hath beene in nomber some what lesse. yf that inequallitie
and disproportion be supposed a cause whereby they
lost I cann affirme it comes not by theire want of
possibillitie to levie men
obserued that yf the States had gyven more large comission
for there English levies the tymes well chosen places of residence
for the gen
nomber of theire list to dowble that they raised. / .
It maie be likewise soe in other p
it seems to me that whie theire Armie exceeded not in nomber,
was rather owt of industrie then necessitie. And w
howsoeu
to be his best occasion tyme and opportunitie wherein he canne
make triall of his foerce hath stretched his vttermost to bringe
a gallant Armie and an offensiue warre into the feild. And
that the States extendinge not theire industrie soe farre as
possibillitie helde onelie a defensiue Armie some what lesse
in nomber then his. yet when the disposic
Armie aswell for order as for resoluc
maye be thought that had the States beene pleased to haue
expressed themselues more actiuelie vpon some tymelie offers
of advantages and opportunities that did present themselues
more actiuelie vpon some tymelie offers of advantages theire
greate losse had beene prevented yet noe dowbt theire
wisdomes carried theire affaires w
worthie, necessarie end concerninge theire estate in gen
Generall, for savinge a p
to triall the event might happely haue approued the bodie of
theire Armie free from an essentiall weakenes to confront or fight./.
Touchinge money howsoeu
flourish on his sworde yet the uncertentie of his revenewe to
maintaine the same sufferinge the lustre nowe and then to fade
and weare awaie the rust and cancker of it selfe duringe the want
of the preservative, will eate as
before into the States. ./. His necessarie supplies of money unp
formeable owt of his proper revenewe beinge p
the helpe of Spayne his trust to that assistance stands w
and uncertantie since Spayne it selfe by reason of the manie
Garrisons it houldes is often vnfurnished to gyue towardes A
thence maye come vntimelie to prevent the dangerous incon
veniences exemplified in mutines begott by want, besides
the hassard that muste vndergoe to bee cut of by the watch
of the States at sea. / . Nowe for the States supplies
of money as his highnes is supported by Spayne soe one
or other deepely interessed in the States successe will
vnderpropp yf not protect them out of provident aduise
to prevent theire fall on whose subsistance the saftie of
his owne p
theire forraine helpes in that be lesse then are his highnesses
Yett maie there wants receyue as full supplie because
theire owne habilitie is more then his proprietie in that. /
Besides theire vnderhand helpes by reason of theire neerenes
and more sure conveyance will in effect holde ballance
w
vnable allwaies vncertaine seldome competent. / .
Moreou
Highnes, for they haue taken litle of theire countrie to
sustaine the warre more then the com
obedience hath imparted as an ordinarie due accordinge
to the necessarie measure of theire imposic
maintenance of com
raisde by imposic
come by accident to faiule in theire sufficiencie they haue
the extraordinarie disposic
vnexacted on reserued to satisfie necessitie and entertaine
the tyme in suche an extremitie, till ordinarie meanes
retorne into theire wonted force../ .
Whereas his Highnes hath alreadie runne that refuge out
of breath and almost owt of harte consideringe the
promised end of takinge vp on credditt, the clearinge of
Flaunders is vnaccomplished and prevented notw
the imp
enterprise. / .
Soe that yf ordinarie revenewes become weake or wantinge his highnes
shalbe driuen into an exigent more straight and dangerous and more
remote from refuge then the States. / .
This beinge A Species proper to the Netherlandes habilitie it maie
be saide I gyue it an vnproper place inferringe it amonge theire
forraine helpes, Yet since it is a temporarie refuge not an ordinarie
meanes w
become disable or difitient it will not be imp
of this point. / . Nowe therefore after theise examinac
Highnesses estate aswell domestique as forraine proper as borrowed
I finde a twoe fould want w
by meanes of foerce. That is to saie of Shippinge and money
whereof soe longe as he remaines vnfurnished he hathe noe
probabillitie to conquer because how eu
duringe his contentinge purse, may florish in a gallant nomber
Yet his proceedings in a yeare or twoe spoendinge his strength to
eate awaie throughe a defence soe inaccessible and vnpassable by
industrie and nature as the vnited prouinc
confines verie muche / And once in three Yeares space the Shipping
of the States well imployd maie interrupt the forraine treasure
that contents his Armie and soe begett a discontentm
weakenes in his power w
advantage that discreetlie entertainde and followed maie in one
yeares spaace recouer. / . For howsoeu
Schoole of pollitiques reputed soe profound hath to expresse
howe muche a greater strength of men exceedes a better parse
in gen
error to a certeine Iudgem ent that esteemed money to the scinnewes of
warres. Yett I am confident in this opinion that of a warre continewed
and length of tyme moneys and the very scinnewes that holde the
limbes and members of an Armie togeather And when those
scinnewes creake ar shrincke the bodie of that warre becomes
disable and decaies aswell in foorce as actiuenes. But true it is
equall a quallitie
that will advance contentm
from the peculiar and provided treasure meerelie of the
Prince or State it serves. / Suche are the warres like those
of Alexander the greate whose recydencies and motions
quarterd
satisfacc
theire contentm
muste consiste on money. And therefore where the
meanes to raise it on the enemie is wantinge it muste
be furnished out of freends revenewes and habilities
or yf the habilities of freend
want will in the end dissband and vndoe the confidence
and service of anie Armie howe gallant soeu
Suche is the Archedukes state whosed warre muste lyve
vpon his owne vncompetences and the vncertaine
AssistancSpayne. And suche are the condic
of Netherlandish opposites by reason of theire wants and
refuges that they (transportinge the designes of either
side somtime w
certaine and continewed progress) tend rather yf theire
Armies continewe and the States dispose themselues
but onelie to defende to a p
conqueringe ende. whereof the Archeduke muste needes be
wearie first aswell beecause the vnited prouinc
opprest by warre then his as alsoe for that a p
warre gyues better satisfacc
for they toeke armes w
pSpaine
and hee w
warre canne neuHighnesis or
shalbe wearie first of warre. soe followes it. he is the first that
should indevoure his repoese and rest by peace the thinge soe
infinitelie wondered at. / .
Touchinge his highnesses second Motiue.
He hathe some cause of feare to loese by the continewance of the warre
his present interest (alsoe) and possession in Netherlandes. ./.
For introducc
could effect the protecc
rience gathered from the howse of Burgundie maie p
the fall of the Netherlandes into the Armes of Spayne would succeed
to the hurte of Fraunce Secondlie for that reasonne obseruinge
the constitucFraunce and the Netherlandes will conclude
that the Netherlandes ioyned wFraunce would constitute
the same a mightie potent Monarchie i in regarde of theire
coniunction of seate w
boodie 2 because of theire comodious scituac
consequentli will attract him wealth. 3 In respect of the Nether
landes naturall in accessabilitie or at least vnapassabilitie
wFraunce will stand like an vnpregnable fortifi=
cacitac
4 by reason of tht answerable strength at sea w
add vnto his power aswell invasiue as defensive against som
potentates his neighbours whome for pretence and power he
hath in ieaslosie. / . Nowe yf
them and in the meane tyme the Ciuill peace of Fraunce continew
firme and greate Brittaine newtrall: the Archedukes were threa
tned in very fewe yeares to be dryven owt of the Netherlandes. /
First because Fraunce is populous to raise a greate armie w
expedic
and convenientlie seated to make continewall invation w
2 To add facillitie to the progress of his power the States pdissigne
vpon America and Affrica prosequited w
the Archedukes Spanish assistance and leaue his highness in gou
distracted and confounded w
alarmes heere and there on eu
discontented Subiect vnresolued in his defence For when his Highness shall
them selues soe circumvented w
will not onlie entertaine, but meditate also and labour
meanes of revolte. / It maie bee heere obiected that Fraunce
examininge the present constituc
bringe what a vigilant preventinge eye a certaine potent
Neighbour ought to hould vpon the progresse of his power
Shall finde infirmities at home and foerce abroade that maie
advaunce them selues against his enterprise not onlie to
prevent the inlardgem
of his power and the restrycc
reasons that should diswade him to protect Netherlandes
and soe the States become depriued of that hoepe. /.
To opproue notw
some cause of feare to loese by the continewance of the
warres. I will inferre first a daungerous infirmitie
in the domestique constitucHighnes power
and secondlie a probabilitie in the States vnborrowed
strengthe to nourishe that infirmitie even till it hathe
begotten an incurable consumption in his State. /.
The infirmitie expresseth it selfe in this his sufficiencie
of purse to satisfie the paiment of his Armie in whole
leaves
suspended and detainde from eu
tyme amountinge to a greate som
mutine, the malivolence and malignancie, whereof is
by example of theire form
growne at this present to an exceedinge bouldnes, A
daungerous diuision in his power since they that
mutine are for the most p
hee hath moste reason to preserve and whose revolte
he hathe greatest cause to prevent of all the Nations in
his Armie because they consiste chefelie of Wallones
his seruiceablest men of warre. by reason that besides
readiest to admitt supplie w
expose him selfe into the feilde. / Nowe to nourishe that infirmitie
vntill it growe vnto uncurable disease The States haue bent
a warre against the kinge of Spaynes dominion in America
and Affrica vpon w
ginge vnto Spayne the supportacArchedukes weaknes
and debilitie consists. w
of his State Massive and waightie lest vpon a narrowe loose vnfirm
foundac
to fall vnder an offensiue warre that shall attempt to batter it. / .
To gyve that proiect of the States the better hoepe and probabillitie
to prosper the fleete that carries the designe is straighted w
good confidence in it selfe to transporte her requisite proceedinges
from hence and some encouragem
vppon the landinge of her enterprise there. /. Her confidence
consists besides her foerce vpon her constituc
frame is raisde vpon soe good a grownde that the prouision of her
proceedings, although the treasure of the com
tyme necessarilie exhausted for the domestique warre, shall seldome
be soe muche neglected as to disapointe the service of the particular
because besides those habilities that the com
the vnited provinc
an able stocke composd of private substanc
theire maie be derived from the practices of those tractes whoe being
oppressed and greeued w
mSpaine hathe hetherto heeretofore inflicted on them maie
bee easilie drawen to ioyne w
miseth to alter thoese condic
shall please God to bless that hoepefull proiect of the States w
good successe yea yf it weare but an enterprise of muche lesse
hoepefull then this that coulde but for a yeare or twoe com
and intercepte the passages betweene the Spaniarde and his
by want of money will fall into a com
and confounde itselfe makinge by that diuision followed
w
his State endaungeringe the life thereof by a consuminge
languishm
Soe muche touchinge his Highnes seconde Motiue. /.
The thirde Motiue
The Archeduke hath greate reason to continewe his
present possession yf not by warre by peace. /.
His present possession onelie in the Netherlandes is of all
his other dignities wheather in possession or promise
absolutelie the most worthie / If then there be suche cause
of diffidence to confirme it by warre hee hath greate cause
and reason to indououre the assurance thereof by peace /.
And thus by the premisses that appeares to me that his
Highnesses the Archeduke maie by moude w
to affecte a true peace../. Nowe to p
MaSpayne to peace there maie be
coniectured. First the consideracArchedukes
twoe Firste motiues / Namelie That hee hath litle
or noe probabilitie to reduce the States into the armes
of Spayne by foerce and some cause of feare not onlie
not to winne but alsoe to loese../ .
The contynewance of the warre threatens the depriuac
alsoe of those his Ma jesties best particulars wherein the
pride and greatenes of his power consistes. And further
the hassarde of his principallitie. /.
The States companie of Merchants before menc
haue vndertaken w
a waie for traffique into America and Affrica. the
wherein the pillors of his greatenes doe consiste. /. Yf it please God
to blesse that designe in the successe accordinge to the hoepe, the instituc
and begininge gyves the Attractiue obiect of the goulden Fleete is life
to drawe the hartes of other Nations to the like desire and consequentlie
to the like. /. The communitie to other Nations of those partes depri
vinge him of his possession reserved in them will threaten further
the hassard of his principallitie. because when the protestant
princes shall see the poepes champion soe disabled the apprehension
of the advantage maie offer them incourgem
sall reformac
since besides theire duties to religious officers the p
Temporall estates will incessantlie importune it. because soe longe
as Antechriste striues to bee plac’d aboue that wGod
the Poepe will continewallie labour to cast downe Gods leivtenante from
his throenes./ .For the confusion of whose divelishe practises
the Attemptee (proceedinge soe) is like to make a waie throughe
Spayne either by proposic
tie and reformac
his Madesigne and leaste
the prosperous successe thereof should open and exemplefie a waie
to other Nations for the like com
whose reservac
attempt him further to be secured from soe daungerous a hassarde
of his greatenes. maie for a retractac
from suche Attemptes on him abroade, be the rather drawen
to admitt the vndertakers those peacefull Motiues of contentment
in them selues att hoome./ . The operac
made of the collected Simples (howe simple soeu
other argum
to haue wrought the purgac
of warre in the affections of Austria the rather and w
facillitie since twoe good preparatiues be ministred before./ .
Namely
The States when in the eye of opinion theire affaires did seeme
to decline and Spayne (it may be) expected they shoulde seeke for
peace expressed euen then an Argum
in them not onlie to endure but alsoe to prosecute the warre as
appeareth in their Octroy: made for the constituc
Merchants companie (erected) to continewe theire com
persistable againste the Spanish offence where they ordaine
that noe finall accounte shalbe made of that Negotiation
vntill the ende of 36 yeares and then the form
clered, to institute the same yf the participants consents a newe
Secondlie the scoepe and purpose of the State of Spayne
affectinge heeretofore the Empire of Europe w
the more willinglie to entertaine all occasions to drawe the
sworde of warre. Nowe since experience hath proued it but
a vaine conception, the hoepe thereof is dead and w
ouercome an inclinac
moderac
a plentifull peace, then to continewe paie to a fruitles Warre.
And to conclude this pointe w
theire disposic
his Holines the Poepe: For yf that attribute of holines be
not vnworthelie succeeded to him, yf hee degenerates not from
the Sanctitie of thoese his predecessors that lyved in the simple
godlie and primitiue age of the Churche. hee is the peace=
maker gen
name of holines, the mother of tranquillitie and peace. /
For yf his workes be veiwed and examined pride and ambic
the verie opposites to the humilitie and peace of sowle: where
w
demonstratiuelie appeare in him, that noe vnblinded eye
but maie see his spirritt to bee even the convenc
worldlie perturbac
vanitie hou
a thought into the Grave nor aspiringe w
the Moene../ Soe that yf this propounded peace be by a true syncere
and peaceable intent produced it were an errour to suppose the
Poepe to haue the leaste correspondencie w
apprehension of necessitie bee interpos’d betweene his pride and
him. / . But yf it bee a temporisinge stratagem intended to a
deceiptfull ende the Poepe affect
soe well, that w
be thought to be Primus Motor and directer of the same./.
Howsoeu
gand because it muche concernes his owne particular not onlie for
the reasons before meSpaine
wherein the Poope likewise is deepelie interessed but alsoe in
annother respect peculiar to him selfe. / . Religion and pollicie
beginne to take roote and spreade in manie braunches against the
effect
lyves, the groweth thereof he feares and would suppresse
Spaine that should vndertake his quarrell is ingaged in other
warres: Thoese warres converted into peace his forces and
habillities drawen neere hoeme will beare the better fronte
and contenaunce againste the boldnesses that rise soe neare
the residence of Romes securitie. / And then to countervail
that fauor to the kinge of Spaine, the Poepe maie happelie
promise to prevaile for him more affectuallie vppon the
vnited provinces wIesuit es
then
Spinola wArmie of Menn. And
w
bee an instrument. ./.
Soe that by theese computac
ouerture for peace, consist
And I imagine the hoepe and end expected once by them, is that
they should by one worke bee able not onlie to diuert the danger
of an enterprise that threatens to subdue themselues but also
to subdue or reduce the vndertakers of that Attempt into
the compasse of theire power and furnish themselues of
instruments and means against occasion offers it selfe
for the accomplishm
poses then by continewed warre cann be acchived. /.
Wheather the States shoulde affecte a peace vpon this offer of
his Highnesses ./ .In disputinge this question there
bee considered. that. the conclusion of this peace accordinge
to the amplitude of the effecte wilbe lesse honorable to
Spaine then to the States. the lesse honorable the more
discontentfull and soe the more provokinge a desire to
change. /. A State seldome stoopes her honor but
or mistery. and the p
in labours to recouPoepes
profession whose principles are built vpon by Spaine
to keepe faithe w
pallitie by dissembled waies hath beene warranted by
the supreame heade of the Spanish Churche in diuerse
p
honor and faithe vnder a good pretence to a bad ende then
when seeminge religion pleades her excuse. /.
Synce the desire of amitie betweene principallities
proceedes most com
concerne the seu
anie Naturall or other true affenitie of loue, the selfe
respects of Naturall contracts. therefore takinge soe faste
a roete in gen
in this particular where arguments of hatred and offence
Spaineis anie
where honored in the Netherlands) keepe hidden sparks of this combustion
still aliue to gyue the vnquiett Spirritts that are allwaies accident to
Princes Courtes. conttinewall subiect for there turbulence to worke
vppon. /. And to gyve fier to suche Saltpeter braines the common
disagreem
in readines. That difference is like to bee pursued w
offence, and daunger by the Spanish syde againste the States then
on the contrarie. /. First because of religion the growndes and
principles professed by the States Churche are true and good: but
those of Spaine muche falsefied and badd. / Bad waies bee
still more earnestlie pursued then good, and goodnes workes
more openlie then badnes whose malitious practizes are carried
secretlie in Mynes and darkenes, therefore muche more daungerous
2 The whore of Babilon trickt in the pride w
and delights. beesetts her fornicators w
they hazard even theire deerest good vppon the creditt onlie onlie of
her idle promises incompassinge the moste wicked inhumaine and
barbarous practices to satisfie her luste. Yea even these soules that
simplie in them selues are farre from suche contriuinge perswaded
by her pleasingnes doe vndertake the moste abhominable damnab
and deevlish practices as works of merritt to theire eu
From theise and other considerac
argued. Firste that the States haue cause to suspect an ill
meaninge in this ouerture for a peace / secondlie that yf necessitie
hath wrought this ouerture when there necessitie dissolueth
the bandes of amitie are like to breake. /. To stande vppon
a guarde against the daunger of w
before they conclude vpon the offer haue reason to resolue them
selues. / Firste wheather they are able to winne the Netherlands
by warre. / . secondly whether a peace will not augmSpanish
strength & detract from theirs. and soe disable theire power to defende./ .
If boethe or either of theise questions bee resolued affirmatiuelye
the States haue greate
a peace to th’ends to secure themselues from the daungerous
consequence
prevente theire fall w
is like to be attempted. ./.
Touchinge theire habillities tto conquer it muste consiste
(next vnder god) either of vpon forraine protecc
the vertue of theire offencive warre proiected against
the kinge of Spaine. /. As for forraine protecc
by whose power they maye hoepe to wynne, the first declares
noe promise to vndertake: the seconde importes an vncertaine
and a daungerous successe w
first. / . Concerninge the firste
first from greate Brittaine. Spaines longe experience
makes him knowe and feele that the amitie of England
muche more of Greate Brittaine is worthie of his
loue. beinge therefore possest thereof his necessitie
will make him labour to preserue it: And Englandes
natiue and religious faith will neu
occasion to breake it. And vntill it be broeken the united
Prouinces duringe theire present State are promised noe
protec
theire obtained the argum
conclude w
w
From Fraunce. First that protecc
it selfe. alone of good successe because (amonge other reasons)
the Frenche Kinge beinge of a decaied bodie promiseth noe
longe life, The Dolphin is in minoritie: A Protector is
gen
Nobilitie are verie manie and some very powerfull in them selues. All
theise are infirmities that maie dishable it to consiste in itselfe muche
more to protect anie other./ 2 The proteccFraunce maie happen
wGreate Brittaine) to tourne to theire p
the Seates of Fraunce and Netherlands w
circumstanc
vnion would proue to be of daungerous consequence to the State of
England. England therefore shall haue litle cause to suffer a procee
dinge to that end. And yf the power of England shalbe forced for
otherwise it neu
cause to feare theire ill successe aswell for that diuision wherevnto
Fraunce is subiect as alsoe because England is hable to beate them
att theire owne weapons and in theire owne
wherein theire power consists. w
theire State. /. This seperac
of England aand Fraunce in matter of extremitie is of a necessarie
vse. but where a moderac
in eu
the mutuall saftie of theire States. w
in this particular be admitted. for howsoeu
selues aparte when the maliuolent aspect of eyther on the other
is the question betweene them. Yet nowe in this where they are
interressed bothe (for some respect) alike in one in the same
affaire and seeinge neyther canne by a thirde be ou
the others imminent p
the managinge thereof. / Heauen therefore soe inspire
theire Counsailes w
provide and prevent against the vyolence and power of
Roemes pride. Spaynes desire of Empiere and the goulde
of India confederated in a faction. And that this calme of
peace be not a meanes to recreat those wearied Spirritts and enable
to make a warre more Stormie violent and daungerous
For when desier and meanes remayne stronge enterprises
are begotten and produced / .
Nowe touchinge theire offensiue warre vppon the kinge
of Spayne. w
onlie hoepefull meane and instrument (next vnder god)
they haue to wynne. Yet not soe hoepefull as to be relied
vppon w
proceedinge w
will highly raise the state of theire affaires and yet
expresseth reasons of p
the worke for it importes a verie probable begininge
for an hable waie to ouAntechriste
to roete owt the seditions of thoese inhumaine abhominable
practices of fyer and bloud, that will soe longe as Ante=
christ continewes proud and fearefull of his fall make
fearefull inundac
peace of Christendome, to replant the vniformitie of
the true primatiue Churche of Christendome to
convert manie barbarous nations from theire igno=
raunce and infidelitie the true knowledge and worshipp
of God. &c./ . Oh thaat I had habillitie and libertie of
voice to open and expresse my harte. But since my
voyce is lesser then my zeale and that my humble
reverence vnto the height of State prohibitts me to
measure thoese transcendences soe farre aboue the
dutie of my reache. I will locke vpp the contemplat
of my soule onely from that entyre bothe natiue and
religious) love I owe my Soveraigne and Countrie
lett me deliuer the generall. /
If anie consequence of daunger to the State of England lurke in the
conclusion of this peace Nowe is tyme to prevent it. Nowe when a
worthie purpose well proiected and digested and composed w
able Substances, is readie to be sett on foete against the head of
that ambitious mightines. Nowe when the bodie of that power
and faccultie of that action is wearie and fainte Nowe when the
fresh remembrance of the Poepes abhominable practizes will
moue the gen
interprise as tendinge to suppresse his pride and chastice his
arrogancie &c. / For procrastinate that wworke of providence by
sufferinge peace If anie Daunger lurke in it is like to take awaie
or weaken those habilities and oportunities that nowe present
them selues. And then it will be difficultier to defend them nowe
to ou
reste of peace. his Indians fortefied his Navie multiplied
his Coeffers fild and all his vaines swelld highe w
then when the constituc
shalbe dissolued and by the participant
other courses different from that. Then when his ostentac
conformitie w
uered reputac
owt of theire publique hate and skrewed his name and
power againe into the Netherland es
&c. If therefore
an hable protection will contract his power w
States Dissigne theire hoepe to ou
to subsist by peace might move them to affect a conquest
rather then a composic
soe be Crownde w
enterprise cannot be seconded protcted nor assisted but
left suspended betweene hoope and dowbt the States haue
reason notwArchedukes difficulties and theire
not the instrumnes
of that Dissigne is but in hoepe and expectac
2 Yf that dissigne be ou
damage because it will dishable manie of theire merchants
discourage the vnitie and confidence of theire people and
weaken theire power att Sea w
whereon the bodie of theire State dothe moue. /. 3 w
the good successe of that Dissigne they are of themselues and
theire vnderhand helpes. but able to resiste and
w
miserable. /. 4 They have little reasonne to relie
presuminglie vpon theire owne (onelie) p
and habilitie aswell consideringe theire principall sub=
sistaunce when theire owne habilities did stoope vnder the
handes of opression, wwas hitherto supported and protected
(next under god) by the soueraigne and gratious helpe of
forraine power. And alsoe that yf suche a forrayne
power shall finde it requisite hee maie in the iudgement
of reason diuerte or hinder even their greatest vndertakinge.
Soe that w
this peace prouided it dishables not the instrum
theire defence. . /. Nowe wheather a peace muste
necessarelie dishable theire power to defende. ./ .
This question in the scence and apprehension (onelie)
of the eare will (questionlesse) sounde harche and strange
consideringe it hath the com
the mother and Nursse of plentifull habillities. ./ .
But for N the Netherlands in theire deuided State yf
they weare rightly vnderstoed the due consideration.
prouidence to call even an intended peace in question howe it standes
disposed vnto the States: for peace doethe promise to supplie theire
opposites w
dishables him to wynne. Namelie Shippinge and Money. /. Touchinge
Shippinge a peace will promise him increase. /. First Because
hee hathe convenient Havens and Townes for Marte and traffique
the principall beginers and maintayners of a Navie. /. 2 As warre
by blockinge vpp his Highnesses havens and Townes of Marte
converted all theire traffique to the vnited provinc
they weare open for Commerce. Soe peace restoringe to his
highnes provinces the freedome of the same
reverte a parte of that commerce they loste by warre. /. As warre
by takinge Antwerpe prisoner enlardged the liberties of
Anstardame: soe peace by Settinge Antwerpe free will
reduce the liberties of Ansterdame thoughe not confine them
in the narrowe bowndes and lymitts wy
warre into the lesser scoepe. /. For the vnited provinces
in this theire present State are like a traded Cittie w
the more because noe other corporac
hathe the priveledge and libertie to share the frequentation of
the waie / But when a second Corporac
itselfe vpon the passage of the firste (ambitious to the
same prerogative and benefitt) the building
of the seconde raisd w
It followes that as the seconde ryseth the firste declines w
kynde of growth shoets vpp to a predominate hight sonest
of Anie. ./ . 3 There are reasons of com
(as a better State and better ayre) to drawe the Staples of
forraine commodities to the Archedukes syde, and wheather
the Staples goe of suche comodities as are of vniuersall
followes and his increase of Shippinge will growe to the
States preiudice the more by reason it beinge to be made
wNetherlands will be of an aunswerable buildinge
for theire Seas his Marriners experienced in theire havens
and landinge places and his State of a prepared readines
to take the offer of opertunitie for Attempt. And as for
money a peace will furnishe the Archedukes syde before
the States. Firste because the Archedukes debts I coniecture
will in the mutuall league betweene his highnes and the
kinge of Spayne be cutt of whereas the States engaged
to theire confederats and freends, the satisfacc
debt
in the meane tyme his highnes shalbe layinge vpp in
stoere . /. 2 The States havinge the greater cause to
suspect the protestac
are bounde in providence to holde a greater guarde
vppon theire frontiers then his highnes shall on his
whereby theire chardge will exceade his. 3. The
States haue noe other subiect of revenewe then the
vnited provinc
provinces (contracted) wSpayne
shall haue the goulde of India to his addic
4 The kinge of Spaine by reason of his vniu
peace transportinge his treasure safelie home will
in a fewe yeares growe riche and hable for a second
warre yf other meanes and instrum
And theese advantages synce the Archedukes pro=
vinc
Spaine vpon his highnes death, will questionlesse
Thus it appeares theese twoe supplies of Shippes and money A
peace will promise to advaunce to him: but yet (mee thinckes)
not soe sufficientlie as to produce him to a seconde warre unlesse
togeather w
the vnited provinces. or that the accumulac
and wheather
Greate Brittaine and Fraunce. besides w
neu
the moste elected ripest Iudgem
to consulte vppon. /. But so longe as they continewe in a faithfull
vnitie of State and that the powers of theire contingences & confederat
be not dishabled to protect theire owne difensiue instrum
in competent habilitie as well in peace as warre. /. Firste
Because the States haue more havens for comHighnes
and therefore more meanes to increase Shippinge. ./.
2 The States provinc
of Navigac
soe plentifullie accomodate his provinc
3 The States comaunde the Channell of Antwerpe the Archduk
cheefest Towne of Marte. w
mannaged will muche assiste the holdinge of the Archedukes
whole estate in good devotion to the peace. /
4 The States are before hand and alreadie furnished of a power
att sea. whereas his highnes is to beginne, Soe that his steppes
and proseading
easelie provide that his strength and power at Sea shall
neu
other assistancSpaine they shall arriue w
of dowbt to undertake a second warre vnlesse I saie his
power be of a ioynte habilitie to warre againste the other.
Christendome because they are som
of good habilitie to gyve a good addic
States, whoe by contingencie of Seate and other nearenesses
are interessed in the States prosperitie and haue cause to
add a supportac
them and then the freenes of theire State dischardginge
theire defensive warre of all the imputac
fullnes w
assistanc
to obtaine protections for them more resolued and confident
Nowe touchinge practizes to worke diuision in the con=
stituc
There lurkes the daungerossest ill, concerning the vnited
provinc
and ou
necessitie alone as to p
peace since the p
wisdomes of theire gou
soe longe as God whoe hetherto hath stoede vppon theire
side shall not oppose him selfe. /. To conclude my
discourse vpon this question, wheather the States
shoulde effecte a peace vppon this offer of his Highnesses
The substaunce of my voyce is this. A peace will
furnishe Spaine w
As for the States thoughe there bee some hoepes that
theire defence will not by peace be vtterly dishabled
yet questionles it will in manie points dishable there
offencive warre. not onlie by the tyme and meanes
wSpaine shall thereby haue to fortefie himselfe:
but alsoe by dissoluinge the consitutc
instrum
maie proue will gyue theire opposite encouragem
a second warre. /. A gallant actiue warre directed and sett forward
therefore w
bee the more assured course. Yet howsoeu
the makinge of theire resoluc
by whose protecc
subsisted heatherto. . /.
An amplificac ion of discourse concerninge practizes that maie tend
to the diuision and dissoluinge of the constituc
in the Condic
If anie misterie be meant to make diuision in the constituc
States. the Stratagematist
theire practices into two kindes ./. i Insinuac ion .2. Violence.
Insinuation well prevented, Violence is halfe defeated because
insinuac
prepares her waies, and serves to frame and forge her instruments
to worke wShipping
and fortifficac
that violence woulde worke vpon to distrucc
Surprise. ./. But for there full defeate: no dowbt the Iustic
of God w
works of suche abhominable practizes will neu
to attaine to theire desyred end. /. Insinuation maie tend to the
wMerchants. 2 devidinge theire vnitie of
State. 3 possessinge them selues of some fortifications of
importance to an offensiue warre./. The drawinge awaie
of theire Merchant
of discontentment in them touchinge there condic
and settinge obiect
on the Archedukes syde./. Touchinge the better prevention
whereof theire cautions amonge other are not altogeather voyde
of vse. ./. That the retractac
in the participants whoese affecc
continewe devoted to the State. ./. 2. That good reser=
uation of contentm
of Traffique to continewe theire establishd corporac
3 That they be carefull to continewe the Staples of suche
Forraine comodities as are of vniu
properlie to theire owne Townes, for wheather the Staples
goe of suche commodities the concourse com
marchants followes. / .4: That whereas the diuerse of
the substantiall inhabitants of the vnited provinces haue
interest in the Archedukes syde by right of theire former
possessions good heede be taken leaste vnder cullor of satisfa
ction suche men on whose habilitie the State muche dependes
be not alienated. ./. The diuision of theere vnited state
maie be practised by the secrett plotts of vndermyninge
papists. by the temptac
publique work
discontented w
theire hartes. /. Towards the prevention whereof
these Articles amonge manie other seeme not muche
impertinent. / 1 That true religion be w
zeale and vigilance maintained and bent soe farre as
Christian moderac
insinuacRomanist es
. a faction that
will still be turbulentlie stirringe vpp combustions
to maintaine a life and warmenes in the shakinge Ague
and consumption of theire churche. /. 2. That A
prudent eye be helde vpon the correspondencies and
passages of publique persons w
3 That while theire State continewe an Aristocratic no
one be gyven more power in gou
securelie be revoked. . / .
4 That noe conception be produced but buried in the wombe that would
devide the vnited provinc
occasions ministred and entertained that may confirm theire
present vnitie. / . 5. That whereas they are to raise theire moneis
on the people (onelie) of theire provincArchedukes. his more
dependentlie vpon the borrowed Mynes of Spaine, They therefore
provide that when theire Commons shall compare there impositions
wHighnes and fynde theire owne more heavie there
scence of the burthen cause not the daungerous offices of miscon=
structions murmurings and discontentm
they are engaged to theire assistanc
imposic
for the same. be still continewed till theire sum
the raisinge of those som
respect vnto that end converte the worke w
aduauncem
people are inured to it the custome makes it easie digestable
the rather when they doe for:see the ende thereof approchinge
dailie nearer them. Whereas to intermitt cessac
and then to innovate the same a newe will w
former sweetnes begett distast of that displeasingnes and
gyue aspirers and conspirers leave and incouragement
to worke vppon discontented multitude. / .
To dispossesse the States of Fortificac
offensiue warre for Spaine thoughe Violence maie claime
the stronger hande yet insinuation labours to assiste the
worke as appeares in the Archedukes desier to chaunge
some Townes w
in his offer by the waie. /.
To provide against the daunger of suche praactices it
behoues them. . /. Firste that the Archedukes desier
to chaunge som
For though to make exchaunge of suche particulars as either side
is nowe possessed of in the provinces whose greater p
and tytle is subiect to the contrarie side be in com
a fitt and reasonable graunte because that eache syde then
shall haue the provinc
from forraine interest. Yet to make suche an exchaunge
would gyve his Highnes lardge advantage for a second warre
and infinitelie
For Sluice Bergin vp soome and Breda w
and holdes vpon the Coastes are like to be the places that
his Highnes bendes his cheefest ayme vppon because they
are the meanes, weare hee possessed of them to free his
cheefeste provinces. of daungerous invations to in=
large his Maryntine affaires and in tyme to vndermyne
the state of the neighbour Ilandes advantages that
well persued and seconded will threaten to subdue the
States. / . Whereas the Archedukes foetinge in the
States provinces importes not soe muche benefitt to
him or preiudice to them as theires in his. were it returned
into his handes. / . And for the reservac
theire possessions the States maie freely stande, synce if
his highnes obserues the sence of his offer. the States ex=
ception of that his inference shall noe waie interupt
the course of treatie nor obstructe the passages of peace
But for the apparant lawfullnes in holdinge those
Townes that lye w
care ought to be had that by a publique Acte they bee
depropriated from the claime and tytle of the provinces
wherein they lye and corporate in the States proprietie
leaste yf his Highnes or his successors tytle in Capite
Brabante. Flaunders &c. bee assented
by the States it comprehendes thoese places and soe reserues a lawfull
nes. to him or them vppon accasion of advantage ro reviue theire
claime to them as an induction to a faarther warre. . / .
That to distande theire Armie they proceade noe faster then
maie continewe them a strength to holde proporc
highnes reserued troapes. / . That faithfull and sufficient
Garrisons bee continewed in the important frontiers especiallie
yf the Corporac
State: Yet soe that togeather wand
industrie to worke conformance of Affection. where vnsoundnes
is for to containe theire bodies when they are diuided in theire
mindes maintaine a nourishm
And to conclude the assurance of the reste it seemes to beare a
good aspect to them. that they indeauour w
industrie to contract them selues w
by reason of the stabilitie of the State Neighbourhoed of
Seate correspondence of power and conformancie of religion
maie gyve them the moste sure hable readie and faithfull
assistance / That yf the sure establishm
by the hable protecc
pAristocratie: there free
condic
theire eies of providence and due respecte w
desiringe rule from thate estate vnder whose gou
they maye more safelie and assuredlie subsiste. . / .
p
of power of reall
Mightines in prin
cipallity, so thatt
My meaning as
Not a translation
of their state
into another: Name
onely a forme of
Gouernment
a Truce or a perpetuall peace. / .
A Truice or suspention of Armes maintaines a vigilance
more liuelie for the preseruation of theire State then A
perpetuall peace. And makes the com
of the lande more willinglie imparte itselfe and stoepe
to what shall iustlie be imposed, because they see
apparant reasonne to provide
the
apprehention of perpetuall peace flatters the
people to securetie and moeues them easelie to misconture
any Acte of providence that pleaseth not the taste of
comon sence. besides a truice though seeminge to confine
the peace reviveth not a warre the soener for that lymmitt
nor canne the promise of perpetuall peace assure a peace
vnto the States the longer for that promise synce whensoeu
good advantages shall by the Spanish syde be founde Spaines
loue and Roemes fidelitie are like to breake awaie through
anie promise of a peace to warre. And yett thoughe truice
confines the peace soe longe as the States remaine in
theire habilitie they maie expecte a further treatie
even from Spaine it selfe to gyue enlargement to
the Truice and soe continewe. / .
If then a Truice will admitt as reall confirmation
to the publique Acte that shalbe made to ratefie
the freenes of theire State yt seemes of worthe to
bee preferred. . /